I don't think there is anything similar to what you mentioned available for Android platform.  Maybe someone from Soti can confirm with you about this later in this forum.

Some Cellular operator company intentionally make the phone numbers not readable with standard Android API from their SIM cards.   Otherwise,  the phone number should be reported back to your server and shown on your MobiControl web console.   One quick fix for my governmental customers in Hong Kong was to ask the Operator to replace without any handling charge the SIM card with another one in which phone number can be read out with standard Android API.

I dont think its possible but someone at SOTI might be able to confirm.

What I've done is create a custom attribute called "Phone Number" in text format (so that you can include special characters such as + and zeros) and propagated it to devices.

On a device-by-device basis you can then manually enter the phone number.  You then select this new custom field for display in the dashboard, rather than the original "Phone Number" field.  Annoying in that its necessary to add each and every Phone Number for every device but its a way of doing it.

I believe the only other alternative is to speak to your operator about getting replacement SIM cards, where the phone number information is already entered onto the SIM then I expect it would pull across accordingly.  I know a lot of Operators nowadays don't publish the mobile number on the SIM card.