What device platforms and device modes are you talking about?
If the apps deployed with app-catalog rule are "mandatory" app automatically pushed from Managed Google Play store onto the Android Enterprise Device-Owner mode devices, such apps will be uninstalled automatically if the rule is not targeted to the device any more. This also applies for mandatory VPP apps automatically pushed onto supervised iOS devices.
On the other hand, all "Suggested" apps manually deployed on-demand by device end-users with app-catalog rule on Android or iOS device platforms will not be automatically uninstalled.
MobiControl rules do not have filter themselves, but filtering can be indirectly done by targeting them to VIRTUAL device group(s) which have devices automatically filtered by custom attribute or other criteria.